Recommendations for the Management of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome The Multidisciplinary Panel on Neuropathic Pain* I. Pathophysiology, Prevalence and Symptoms
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چکیده
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), previously referred to as reflex sympathetic dystrophy, causalgia, algodystrophy, Sudeck’s atrophy and shoulder-hand syndrome, is an uncommon and poorly understood neuropathy that normally affects the limbs. CRPS is characterized by pain and altered sensation; motor dysfunction and soft tissue change; vasomotor and autonomic alterations; and psychosocial disturbance. Women are more likely to develop CRPS than men. CRPS can affect all age groups, but most commonly occurs between the ages of 40 and 60 years. It has been reported that CRPS occurs in 1% to 2% of postfracture patients and after peripheral nerve injury in 2% to 5% of patients. No precipitating cause can be identified in 10% to 26% of cases. The International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) has developed the following classifications for CRPS: • CRPS type I occurs after minor injury that may be unnoticed by the patient.
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Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), formerly known as Sudeck's dystrophy and causalgia, is a disabling and distressing pain syndrome. We here provide a review based on the current literature concerning the epidemiology, etiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapy of CRPS. CRPS may develop following fractures, limb trauma or lesions of the peripheral or CNS. The clinical picture compris...
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